Verifying a Smart Contract on Etherscan
TL; DR
Everything you need is retained by sbt-ethereum, and is accessible via the ethContractCompilationInspect command. Provide the address of the smart contract you’d compiled and deployed to that command. If you’ve forgotten the address, use ethContractCompilationList to find it. If something goes wrong, check out these gotchas.
Step by step, in absurd detail
Although this is arguably not great (it is dangerously centralized), for now the best way to “publish” a smart contract is to upload the code and get it verified on Etherscan.
sbt-ethereum takes care to preserve all the information that you need to a verify a contract after you have deployed it. Let’s try verifying the ‘Timelock’ contract we created and deployed in an earlier tutorial.
We published that contract to address 0x3e24bfe40874a2f366ecf05746d6dcbc0cfd6f03. If we go to Etherscan and search on that address, we’ll see something like the following:
Note
If you are following along, you’ll want to perform the steps in this tutorial with your own contract’s address!
Verification is already done for the contract at 0x3e24bfe40874a2f366ecf05746d6dcbc0cfd6f03, performed while writing this tutorial. Verify a contract that you yourself have compiled and deployed!
If you have forgotten your contract’s address, just run ethContractCompilationList!
Now click on the code tab.
If you are following along with your own contract, you’ll see that the only code available is raw EVM hex (and hex encoding of the contract’s constructor arguments).
We’ll want to make the full code and ABI available, so others could interact with the contract.
Note
It’s a bit pointless to verify this contract, which is designed to be used once and is already “spent”, but the mechanics would be the same for a contracts describing richer and more perpetual arrangements that many users might wish to interact with.
So, let’s click the link to “Verify and Publish your contract source code today!”
Usually, to verify, you need the following:
- Contract Name
- Precise compiler version
- Solidity source code as compiled (with any imports resolved)
- Whether optimization was enabled when you compiled
- If optimization was enabled, for how many runs?
- Any hex-encoded constructor arguments
- Information about any predeployed, linked libraries (not currently supported by sbt-ethereum)
Fortunately, this information is easy to find. We already know our contract’s address, but if we had forgotten it, we can see every contract we’ve ever deployed using ethContractCompilationList.
> ethContractCompilationList
+----------+--------------------------------------------+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------+
| Chain ID | Contract Address | Name | Code Hash | Deployment Timestamp |
+----------+--------------------------------------------+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------+
| 1 | 0x3e24bfe40874a2f366ecf05746d6dcbc0cfd6f03 | Timelock | 0x63af7e585ee23d2c5b729ae29bdca0fd9d1b724b35884f34857691d4322af7d5 | 2019-02-25T01:05:30.862-0800 |
+----------+--------------------------------------------+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------+
[success] Total time: 0 s, completed Apr 9, 2019 3:00:42 PM
(We haven’t done too much, so this is conveniently spare. Over time, this list may become much longer.)
Once we know the address of a deployment that we are interested in, we can use ethContractCompilationInspect to retrieve basically everything there is to know about it.
Warning
Note that we use the Contract Address, not the Code Hash, as our argument to ethContractCompilationInspect.
We could also have used the code hash, but that would supply information only about the compilation, not about the specific deployment to a specific address.
For example, compiler arguments would not be available if we specified the code hash rather than the deployment address, as the same code could be deployed at many addresses with different compiler arguments.
When verifying a contract, be sure to specify the deployment address when invoking ethContractCompilationInspect to get complete, deployment-specific information.
Anyway, let’s try ethContractCompilationInspect.
> ethContractCompilationInspect 0x3e24bfe40874a2f366ecf05746d6dcbc0cfd6f03
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
CONTRACT INFO DUMP
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contract Address (on blockchain with ID 1):
0x3e24bfe40874a2f366ecf05746d6dcbc0cfd6f03
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Deployer Address:
0x1144f4f7aad0c463c667e0f8d73fc13f1e7e86a2
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Transaction Hash:
0xf58f30d3ea1d077d8054d77b4c03aca333e49e905b47182c2a7d74d4f026e861
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Deployment Timestamp:
Mon Feb 25 01:05:30 PST 2019
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Code Hash:
0x63af7e585ee23d2c5b729ae29bdca0fd9d1b724b35884f34857691d4322af7d5
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Code:
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
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Constructor Inputs Hex:
0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000258
Decoded inputs: 0, 600
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contract Name:
Timelock
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contract Source:
/*
* DO NOT EDIT! DO NOT EDIT! DO NOT EDIT!
*
* This is an automatically generated file. It will be overwritten.
*
* For the original source see
* '/Users/testuser/eth-timelock/src/main/solidity/Timelock.sol'
*/
pragma solidity ^0.4.24;
contract Timelock {
address public owner;
uint public releaseDate;
constructor( uint _days, uint _seconds ) public payable {
require( msg.value > 0, "There's no point in creating an empty Timelock!" );
owner = msg.sender;
releaseDate = now + (_days * 1 days) + (_seconds * 1 seconds);
}
function withdraw() public {
require( msg.sender == owner, "Only the owner can withdraw!" );
require( now > releaseDate, "Cannot withdraw prior to release date!" );
msg.sender.transfer( address(this).balance );
}
}
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contract Language:
Solidity
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Language Version:
0.4.24
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Compiler Version:
0.4.24+commit.e67f0147
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Compiler Options:
{"compilationTarget":{"<stdin>":"Timelock"},"evmVersion":"byzantium","libraries":{},"optimizer":{"enabled":true,"runs":200},"remappings":[]}
------------------------------------------------------------------------
ABI Hash:
0xee54f7161577798a7fa6f3103e124afe9989bb7e9f117a3bf92dfbed7fa84b9c
------------------------------------------------------------------------
ABI Definition:
[{"name":"owner","inputs":[],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"constant":true,"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"name":"releaseDate","inputs":[],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"constant":true,"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"name":"withdraw","inputs":[],"outputs":[],"constant":false,"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"name":"_days","type":"uint256"},{"name":"_seconds","type":"uint256"}],"payable":true,"stateMutability":"payable","type":"constructor"}]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metadata:
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
AST:
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
Project Name:
eth-timelock
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
From here, it is mostly just a matter of copy-and-paste. (For the “Compiler” field, it’s a matter of matching the dropdown list.)
Let’s enter our data into Etherscan’s form.
Warning
There are some gotchas!
Contract Name is “Contract Name”, not “Project Name”, in the output from ethContractCompilationInspect.
Information about whether the optimizer was enabled and for how many runs is in “Compiler Options”.
Don’t include the ‘0x’ prefix when supplying the hex-encoded constructor arguments!
Mac Safari is not well supported.
If you get mysterious errors about being unable to generate the bytecode, switch to Firefox. You’ll notice that our screenshot have…
Okay, we’ve got the gotchas. Let’s enter our data into Etherscan’s form, copy-paste, copy-paste, including the full source.
Now we just scroll to the bottom, click the “I am not a robot” checkbox (and perform our little Turing Test), and finally press the “Verify and Publish” button at the bottom.
If all goes well, we should see something like this:
Now, when we look at the code link, we see that our contract has been verifed. The contract’s ABI is now available to the public, by copy and paste or via the Etherscan API.
